AI Se Insaan Aur Jaanwaron Ki Tasweerein Banana Kaisa Hai? Kya Taleemi Maqaasid Ke Liye Jaiz Hai?

Answered by Mufti Naved Akhtar ·

Question

Assalamu Alaikum,Mufti Sahab main janna chahta hoon ke AI generated images living organism ke jisme human,animals saare aate hain uska kya hukm hai.Aam Haalaat mein bhi aur For educational purpose bhi. Main Zoology ka student hoon aur ppt banate waqt ya kisi topic ko aasani se samjhne ke liye main AI generated images use krta hoon aasani ke liye toh kya yeh jaiz hoga.Main ek Aalim ka video dekh rha tha jo yeh keh rhe the keh AI generated images takhleeq ke hukm mein hai.

Response

Wa Alaikumussalam Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuhu.

Shariat mein jaandaar ki tasweer banane ke mutalliq sakht mumani'at aayi hai. Rasoolullah ﷺ ne irshad farmaya:

كُلُّ مُصَوِّرٍ فِي النَّارِ

Yaani har tasweer banane wale ke liye Jahannam ki wa'eed hai.

Isi bunyaad par Fuqaha ne jaandaar ki mukammal tasweer banane ko na-jaiz qarar diya hai. Allamah Ibn Abidin رحمه الله likhte hain:

وَأَمَّا فِعْلُ التَّصْوِيرِ فَهُوَ غَيْرُ جَائِزٍ مُطْلَقًا لِأَنَّهُ مُضَاهَاةٌ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى

Yaani tasweer banana jaiz nahi, kyunke ismein Allah Ta'ala ki takhleeq ki mushabahat paayi jaati hai.

Albatta AI-generated digital images par is hukm ke itlaaq mein mu'asir Ulama ke darmiyan ikhtilaaf hai.

Baaz Ulama ise bhi mamnu' tasweer-saazi mein shamil karte hain, kyunke zariya badalne se hukm nahi badalta. Jabke doosre Ulama digital aur printed tasweer mein farq karte hain. Unke nazdeek screen par tasweer pixels ki tarteeb se numayan hoti hai, jabke printed tasweer ek mustaqil naqsh hoti hai. Albatta AI nayi tasweer bhi tashkeel deta hai aur digital data mehfooz reh sakta hai. Isliye is tafreeq ko qat'i samajh kar har qisam ki AI tasweer ka mutlaq jawaz qarar dena durust nahi.

Rahi baat taleemi maqaasid ki, toh Shariat mein mu'tabar haajat ka bhi lihaaz kiya gaya hai. Fiqh ka qaidah hai:

الْحَاجَةُ تُنَزَّلُ مَنْزِلَةَ الضَّرُورَةِ عَامَّةً أَوْ خَاصَّةً

Darurah mein halaakat ya shadeed khatre ka pehlu hota hai, jabke haajat mein aisi mashaqqat aur tangi hoti hai jiske door karne ke liye shar'i gunjaish di ja sakti hai. Albatta har sahulat haajat nahi hoti, aur haajat ki bina par milne wali rukhsat mein bila zaroorat wus'at nahi ki ja sakti.

Isliye digital tasweeron ki fiqhi haisiyat mein maujood ikhtilaf aur taleemi haajat ko madde nazar rakhte hue, jahan Zoology ke kisi mauzoo ko samjhane ke liye jaandaar ki tasweer ki waaqi'i haajat ho aur munasib mutabadil se maqsad poora na hota ho, wahan AI-generated images ko digital PowerPoint presentations mein istemal karne ki gunjaish hai.

Albatta jahan sar ke baghair tasweerein, a'za ke diagrams ya doosre munasib zariye se taleemi maqsad haasil ho sakta ho, unhein tarjeeh di jaaye. Mahz sahulat, sajawat ya presentation ko dilchasp banana shar'i haajat nahi kehlayega.

Fiqh ka ek aur qaidah hai:

مَا جَازَ لِعُذْرٍ بَطَلَ بِزَوَالِهِ

Yaani jo cheez kisi shar'i uzr ki wajah se jaiz hui ho, uzr khatam hone par uski rukhsat bhi khatam ho jaati hai.

Lehaza mazkoorah gunjaish ko waaqi'i taleemi haajat tak mahdood rakha jaaye, na ke aam aur bila zaroorat AI tasweer-saazi ke jawaz ki daleel banaya jaaye. Isi tarah is hukm ko printed tasweeron tak aam na samjha jaaye.

Wallahu Ta'ala A'lam.

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